Steam-indurated stone.



' Process.

UNITED STAT S JOSHUA A'. BELL AND'I JYNN T. LEET,

TO COMPOSITE STONE AND BRICK COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

Cross Reference Patented December 1, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

OF MONTREAL, CANADA, Assist. ORS

SOTEAM-INDURATED'STONE.

SPECIFICATION forming part'of Letters Patent No. 745,476, dated December 1, 1903.

Application filed November 10, 1902.

.To all ughom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOSHUA A. BELL and LYNN T. LEET, citizens of Canada, residing at Montreal, Canada, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Steam-Indurated Stone, of which the following is a specification.

The object of this invention is to produce an artificial stone for structural or ornamental purposes of superior quality. To accomplish this result, an alkali salt-such as eg;

diprpsilicate, s qdium ch lggigi, &c.is used as a bindihga'gent with the main ingredients of the composition, which consist of sand and lime. This binding agent may be'applied in a'p'iilverulent form with the other ingredients or may be used in solution in the water with which said ingredients are moistened or some of them may be employed in a vaporized state, being carried by the steam employed in the indurating process.

Th process is carried out as follows: Afterb ing mixed the ingredients are moistened with water or a suitable solutionpi 111g salts mentidned, enough of the liquid being used to slake the lime, if this has not been done before mixing, and to bring the mixture to the'proper consistence for molding in a press,

.which is the next step in the operation. The

molded articles are then iudurated by means of steam or steam and water. When the articles are sub ected to steamunder pressure,

this is preferably done in a cylinder provided with appliances for introducing steam or water at will to the contents thereof. In the preparation of the materials the closest grain per cent. of 9mm, and Eve per cent. of

slakgd Tim Serial No- 130.675. (No specimens.)

in a dry state. Sufficient water is added to make the particles of the mixture adhere. To impart increased strength to the artificial stone produced, a small portion of the sand, from one per cent. to ten' per cent., may be replaced by h draulic cement. The mixture is then molded into stones or bricks of the required shape, greater or less pressure being used, according to the density of the finished productdesired. The stonesorbricksarethen introduced into an indurating-cylinder with an equivalent amount of ouicklime in a separate receptacle located at t e op der, so as not to be fiooded'when thebricks are subsequently submerged in water or ind urating liquid. The cylinder is then closed and steam at a pressure of about one hundred and Y twenty pounds or more is introduced for from three to six hours. The steam is then shut 0E and water or indurating liquid is added in quantit'yTiTs't'enough to cover the bricks. After about half an hour to an hour the water is drained from the cylinder. The steam is then again turned on for from two to fifteen hours to complete the induration of the stonesthat is to say, to thoroughly harden the same. If desired, there may be substituted for the whole or part of the sand an equal weight of round sla or other similar hard material. ll sand 18 used which carries moisture, the

Examiner he cylinquicklime used will gradually slake by com- I bining with this moisture, and thus the mixture is more easily pulverized.

After the steam induration in the cylinder the stones or bricks may be further hardened by immersion in water, after which they are dried. V A

What we claim as new is- 1. The process of making artificial stone,

consisting in mixing the constituent ingredients, adding only enough moisture to make the particles of the ingredients adhere, molding the mixture into articles of desired shape, partially steam-indurating the same,and then applying an ind nrating liquid further to increase the hardness of the materials.

1 2. The process of making artificial stone,

consisting in mixing sand, slaked lime and an alkali salt, adding enough moisture to make the particles of the ingredients adhere and to retain a given form, forming the mixture ICO into articles of desired shape and steam-indurating the same.

3. The process of making artificial stone, consisting in mixing sand, slaked lime, hydraulic cement and an alkali salt, adding enough moisture to make the particles of the ingredients adhere and to retain a given. form, forming the mixture into articles of desiredshape and steam-indur'ating the same.

4. The process of making artificial stone consisting in mixing sand, slaked lime and an alkaline silicate, adding enough moisture to make the particles of the ingredient ad- JOSHUA A. BE LL.- LYNN T. LEET.

I \Vitnesses:

B. F. KEINARD, JOHN H. GALLAGHER. 

